Fastener Head Styles

The head of a fastener determines how it sits against a surface, how it is driven, and how much load it can distribute. Choosing the correct head style is essential for strength, appearance, accessibility and compliance with engineering standards.

Below is an introduction to the most common head styles used for machine screws and bolts, along with typical applications and reasons for choosing each type.

Common Machine Screw Head Styles

These head styles are widely used in electronics, appliances, metalwork, and general engineering. They are defined by their profile and the drive type used to install them.

Cheese Head
Cheese Head
A tall, cylindrical head with straight sides and a flat top. Provides strong tool engagement and is commonly used in electrical fittings, terminals and light machinery.
Countersunk Head
Countersunk Head
A conical head designed to sit fully flush with the surface. Ideal for hinges, plates and applications where a smooth, unobtrusive finish is required.
Raised Countersunk
Raised Countersunk
A decorative variation of the countersunk head. The domed top remains visible while the underside sits flush, making it popular for hardware and visible fittings.
Mushroom Head
Mushroom Head
A wide, low‑profile head with a gently curved top. Offers a larger bearing surface for improved load distribution and a neat appearance.
Pan Head
Pan Head
A versatile, slightly rounded head with a broad bearing surface. Suitable for general‑purpose fastening across metalwork, plastics and assemblies requiring a tidy finish.
Round Head
Round Head
A domed, high‑profile head with a wide bearing surface. Commonly used on electrical fittings, light assemblies and applications where a smooth, rounded appearance is preferred.

Common Bolt Head Styles

Bolt heads are designed for higher strength applications and are typically driven using spanners, sockets or hex keys.

Hexagon Head
Hexagon Head
A six‑sided head designed for strong torque transfer and easy access with spanners or sockets. Used across bolts, set screws and many heavy‑duty fasteners where strength, accessibility and reliable tightening are essential.
Socket Head Cap Screw
Socket Head Cap Screw
A cylindrical, high‑strength head with straight sides and a flat top, designed to deliver high clamping force in compact assemblies. The internal hex socket allows installation where external wrench access is limited.
Cup Square (Carriage Bolt)
Cup Square (Carriage Bolt)
A smooth, domed head paired with a square neck beneath it. The neck locks into timber or metal to prevent rotation during tightening, making it ideal for joinery and fabrication.
Roof Bolt
Roof Bolt
A wide, low‑profile head designed to spread load over thin sheet materials such as roofing and cladding panels. The broad bearing surface reduces pull‑through, while the cross‑slot allows installation from above.

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